Women by Flemish Peter Paul Rubens 1577-1640

c 1620 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Probably Susanna Lunden (Fourment) Her sister Helena was Rubens' 2nd wife

1620-30 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Isabella Brant, the artist's first wife

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Isabella Brandt, the artist's first wife

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Portrait of a Woman

1621-22 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Anne of Austria

1622 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Marie de Medici

1622-25 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Marie de Medici as Bellona

1622-25 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Anna of Austria, Queen of France & mother of King Louis XIV

1625 c Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Isabella Brandt

1625 c Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) The Straw Hat

1625 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Infanta Isabella the Ruler of the Netherlands

1625-6 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Isabella Brandt

1625-29 c Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Catherine Manners Duchess of Buckingham

c 1630 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Artist's 2nd wife Helena Fourment

c 1631 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Artist's 2nd wife Helena Fourment

1632 c Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Artist's 2nd wife Helena Fourment with Gloves

1635 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Artist's 2nd wife Helena Fourment with son Francis

c 1639 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Altarpiece of St Ildefonso, Right Panel

c 1639 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Artist's 2nd wife Helena Fourment with a Coach

c 1640 Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Woman with a Mirror

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Artist's 2nd wife Helena Fourment

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Girl with a Fan

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Infanta Clara Eugenia Governess of the Netherlands

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Marchesa Brigida Spinola Doria

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Maria Serra Pallavicino

Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish Baroque painter, 1577-1640) Probably Susanna Lunden

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

Sisters & Sisterhood 18C

"Any woman who chooses to behave like a full human being should be warned that the armies of the status quo will treat her as something of a dirty joke. That's their natural and first weapon. She will need her sisterhood." Gloria Steinem  

Portrait of Countess A. S. Protasova with Her Nieces by Angelica Kauffman (1788)

It is much more complicated than sexual harassment, it is centuries of patriarchy.

"Gender is the remaining caste system that still cuts deep enough, and spreads wide enough, to be confused with the laws of nature." Gloria Steinem. Moving Beyond Words

16 - 17C Women with Modified Ruffs & Wings - The New Style, perhaps a Bit Uncomfortable

1620 unknown lady by Nathaniel Bacon (English painter, 1585–1627)

1595-1600 Mary Fitton English

1600 attr to Domenico Robusti, also known as Domenico Tintoretto, (Italian painter, 1560-1635), Madonna delle Rose

1603 Princess Royal, daughter of James I, VI and Anne, 1603

1605 Francesco Montemezzano (Italian artist, c 1540-1602) Portrait of a Woman with Children

1605 Margaret of Savoy by Federico Zuccaro (Italian Mannerist Painter, ca.1542-1609)

1611 Princess Elizabeth of France by Frans Pourbus the younger (Flemish painter, 1569–1622)

1616 Lady Diana Cecil by William Larkin (English painter, c 1580–1619)

1619 Unknown Lady

1620 A lady in Red by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger (Flemish English painter, 1562–1635) De

tail

1620 A lady in Red by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger (Flemish English painter, 1562–1635)

1620 Lady Bridget Croke by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger (Flemish English painter, 1562–1635)

1623 Elizabeth of Bohemia

1623 Mary Bromley

1625 Dame Mary Wooley attr English school

1639 Sigrid Kurtzel Swedish School

1616 Robert Peake the Elder (1551–1619) Elizabeth Kenn Poulett (1593-1663)

Perhaps Elizabeth Sidney (1585-1614) Attributed to Marcus Gheeraerts (II)(1561–1636)

1619 Paul Van Somer, Lady Elizabeth Grey, Countess of Kent Elizabeth Talbot (1582-1651)

1615 William Larkin (English painter, c 1580–1619) Frances Howard Countess of Somerset (1593-1632)

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

1696 How Gentlewomen Should Behave Dutifully Towards Parents

Abraham van den Tempel (1622-1672) 1660s Family

The Accomplished Ladies Rich Closet OF Rarities

John Shirley [J. S. (John Shirley), fl. 1680-1702.]

LONDON Printed by W Wilde for n. Bodington in Duck Lane; and J. Blare on London-Bridge. 1696.

Instructions for Young Gentlewomen in Behaving themselves dutifully towards their Parent.

AS our Parents are those from whom, next God, we have our Being, and by whose tender Care and inseparable Love we are nourished and preserved from innumerable Dangers and Hazards; therefore observe,

In the first place, your Reverence, Love, and Obedience, is strictly required, not only by the Tyes of Nature, but by God's Holy Word, as sundry places in Scripture manifest; nor can their Infirmities in any wise absolve you, or dispense with your non-performance; but in such a case you ought to double your observance, that thereby, as much as in you lies, you may hide their Weakness and Defects from the Eyes of others.

You must observe at all times to obey the Will of your Parents (if it be in your power, and not contrary to God's Command) without repining, or entring into dispute, performing what you do with cheerfulness, shewing by your willing mind your ready Obedience, and by your quick dispatch, demonstrating the Pleasure you rake in the performance, shunning all occasions of giving them any disquiet, pacifying their Anger, if it at any time arise, with submission either in Words or by Behaviour, tempering your Anions with a moderate sweetness of Disposition and Silence, for too much Ostentation or Loquacity is displeafing: When your Parents greve be you sad; when they rejoice, be you pleasant, as sympathizing with them in Heaviness and Joy; yet |be not over inquisitive into the cause; but if you are desirous to know it, wait their leisure to reveal it, or learn it from some other Hand.

Forget not to pray for your Parents as often as you put your Vows to Heaven, beseeching the Almighty to shower his Blessings upon them; which is one great advance by which a Child endeavours to make his Parents restitution for their Care and Tenderness; for nothing without calling God to your assistance can in that nature be effectual; the diffarence being otherwise so vast between what has been done for you, and what you can do to deserve it.

Let not the hopes of Riches, no, nor the seveity of your Parents, imprint in your mind a desire of their Death, let the Almighty be offended, and shorten your Days.

Shun those that speak ill of your Parents and would make them seem contemptible in your Eyes: Nor let their Poverty, should you be advanced by any means to Riches or Honour, render your Duty and Obedience less, for they cannot be but the same in all condition: If they be poor, you ought to relieve them; if they are weak of Understanding, you. must assist them with your Counsel: If they be injured or oppresed, endeavour to succour and redress them; for no Years can exempt you from observing your Duty to your Parents; nor ought you to dispose of your self in Marriage, nor otherwise, without their allowance and content, your Person being indispensibly theirs in a lawful way to dispose of. And so it was under the Law of Moses in relation to a Virgin's Vow; the which, though the had made, yet if her Father approved it not, it was void, But if her Father disallow her in the day that be heareth, not any of her Vows, nor her Bonds- wherewith she hath bound her Soul shall stand; and the Lord shall forgive her, because her Father disallowed her. By this we see the great Power that Parents had over their Children, even to a degree of cancelling, and rendring of none effect the obligation of a Vow, which Power was given by God himself.

Certain it is, that no poverty, fault, or unkindness of Parents, can dispense with that Duty and Obedience, which, by the Law of God and Nature, Children owe their Parents, for the tender care, labour, and cost, bestowed on them: Nay, though Parents should prove unnatural, and expose them, even in their Infancy, to a desperate Fortune of Hazard and Danger; yet still those Children are bound to perform their Duty, and look for their Reward from him who is the Author of all Blessings.

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

15th Century Quickie Coffee Divorce

 

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.