Portraits attributed to Giuliano Bugiardini (1475-1554)

.

1525 Giuliano Bugiardini (1475-1554) Young Woman

1506 Giuliano Bugiardini (1475-1554) Portrait of a Woman

Giuliano Bugiardini (1475-1554) Portrait of a Woman

Giuliano Bugiardini (1475-1554) Portrait of a Lady

Giuliano Bugiardini (1475-1554) Portrait of a Young Woman

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

18-20C Women Making Lace

 

Giacomo Antonio Melchiorre Ceruti (Italian late Baroque painter, 1698-1767) 

Women Working on Pillow Lace 1720s

Joseph Wright of Derby (English artist, 1734-1797) Portrait of a Lady with her Lacework

Ralph Earl (American artist, 1751-1801) Mrs Charles Jeffery Smith (Making Bobbin Lace) 1794

Vasily Tropinin (Russian artist, 1776-1857) The Lace Maker 1823

Lace Vasily Tropinin (Russian artist, 1776-1857) Lace Making 1830

Josephus Laurentius Dyckmans (Dutch artist, 1811-1888) Lacemaker

Thomas Woolner, (English painter, 1825 -1892) Lacemaker

 Max Liebermann (German artist, 1847-1935) Brabant Lacemakers 1882

Robert Frederick Blum (American artist, 1857–1903) The Lacemakers

Joseph Bail (French artist, 1862-1921) Lacemaker

Julian Alden Weir (American artist, 1852-1919) The Lace Maker 1915

Charles Spencelayh (British artist, 1865-1958)The Lacemaker (Mrs Newell Making Lace) c 1920

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

17C Women with Men - Enjoying "Merry Company" Indoors

1614 Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech (Dutch Golden Age artist, 1592–1624) Merry Company

1615 Adam Willaerts (Dutch artist, 1577-1664) Merry Company

1615 Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech (Dutch Golden Age artist, 1592–1624) Froliche Gesellschaft

1616 Frans Hals (Dutch artist, 1583–1666) Merry Makers at Mardi Gras

1616 Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech (Dutch Golden Age artist, 1592–1624) Merry Company

c 1615 Willem Pieterszoon Buytewech (Dutch Golden Age artist, 1592–1624) Merry Company

Dirck Hals (Dutch Baroque Era painter, 1591-1656) Celebration

Dirck Hals (Dutch Baroque Era painter, 1591-1656) An Elegant group playing music Detail

Dirck Hals (Dutch Baroque Era painter, 1591-1656) Merry Company at the Table

Dirck Hals (Dutch Baroque Era painter, 1591-1656) The Happy Company

Dirck Hals (Dutch Baroque Era painter, 1591-1656) The Party Table

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

1630 Women Portrayed as The Foure Complexions by George Glover

 George Glover c 1630 The Fowre Complexions Choller

In Renaissance & Elizabethan time, the humours or complexions generally had become standardized as follows:
Sanguine = amorous, happy, generous, optimistic, irresponsible
Choleric = violent, vengeful, short-tempered, ambitious
Phlegmatic = sluggish, pallid, cowardly, sometimes lazy
Melancholic = introspective, sentimental, sometimes lazy

Many believed that the choleric person was fast, unbalanced, & excitable with mental processes which were fast & intense. She would exhibit impulsiveness, temper, irritability, expressive facial expressions, hurried speech, abrupt gestures, & unrestrained movement. Feelings in persons of choleric temperament were thought to be  pronounced & sometimes moods might change dramatically. She worked with passion, & while showing impulsiveness, she could overcome difficulties.  But a person with choleric temperament could quickly become exhausted in a task & then might show a sharp decline in activity. Being too straightforward, short tempered, harsh, & intolerant could make chlorics difficult & unpleasant.

 George Glover c 1630 The Fowre Complexions Melancholly

Many believed that a melancholic person had slow mental processes.  Prolonged & severe stress caused people of this temperament to become passive. Feelings & emotional states in melancholic temperament emerged slowly. A melancholic was easily vulnerable. They were prone to isolation & loneliness, avoided contact with strangers, & were uneasy in a new environment. But in a familiar & relaxed environment, melancholic people felt comfortable & worked very efficiently.

 George Glover c 1630 The Fowre Complexions Phlegmatic

Many believed that a phlegmatic person was slow, calm, unhurried, & balanced showing thoroughness, thoughtfulness, & perseverance. Mental processes of a phlegmatic proceeded slowly & were expressed weakly. In relations with people, a phlegmatic was calm, moderately sociable, & stable. A phlegmatic was not easily ruffled or hurt emotionally. The phlegmatic temperament could easily maintain stamina, composure, calmness.  Sometimes a person of this temperament might develop an indifferent attitude to work & to life around them.

George Glover c 1630 The Fowre Complexions Sanguine

Still others believed that a sanguine person was cheerful but did not like monotonous work. She controlled her emotions easily, quickly assimilated into a new environment, & actively came into contact with others. Her speech was loud, fast, & was accompanied by distinct expressive facial expressions & body gestures. But this temperament was characterized by some duality. If the stimuli were changing rapidly, the sanguine state manifested itself as a person of action, active, energetic.  If a task was of long duration, & monotonous, the sanguine lost interest & appeared indifferent, bored, & lethargic. A sanguine quickly showed feelings of joy, sorrow, affection & hostility, but all these manifestations of her feelings were unstable. The sanguine mood changed rapidly, but usually a good mood would prevail.

18C Women Around the World

Costumes de Differents Pays, by Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810) c 1797 Hand-Colored Engraving from the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

By the end of the 18C, worldwide exploration & colonization by Europeans were fairly commonplace, enabling the late 18C & 19C public to catch a glimpse of the clothing & customs of other peoples.

18C Thomas Jefferys' Russian Women "Ancient & Modern"

A Country Woman returning from Market in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

A series of Russian women's costumes published in 18C England, Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.  These images are from that collection.

A Kamtchadale Women in her full dress in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Country Woman in Russia in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Gentlewoman in Moscow in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Common Habit of a Kamtchadale with her Child in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Country Woman of Ingria subject to Russia in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Merchant's Wife in Russia in 1765 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Russian Lady at Valday in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Russian Girl in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772. 

Habit of a Russian Lady at Archangel in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Russian Market Woman in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772. 

Habit of a Russian Market Woman in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Russian Midwife in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Samoyede Woman and Child subject to Russia in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Tartarian Woman in Kasan subject to Russia in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772

.

Habit of a Tartarian Woman of Schouvache subject to Russia in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Woman of Ingria subject to Russia in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Woman of Tchouktschi in Siberia subject to Russia in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772. 

Habit of a Woman of Wotiac in Siberia in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772. 

Habit of a Woman of Wotiac in Siberia in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772. 

Habit of a Young Market Woman of Octha in Russia in 1765 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of the Wife of a Russian Boor (peasant) in 1768 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Morning Habit of a Lady of the City of Pera in Natolia in 1568 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Morning Habit of a Russian Lady in 1764 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772. 

Summer Habit of a Russian Woman with her Cloak on, in 1765 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Summer Habit of a Russian Woman with her Cloak off, in 1765 Thomas Jefferys, 'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.

Habit of a Lady of Tartary in 1667 Thomas Jefferys,'A Collection of the Dresses of Different Nations, Antient and Modern' (4. vols.), London, 1757-1772.